European Upper and lower assessment thresholds for pollutants in ambient air

Determination of requirements for assessment of concentrations of sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and oxides of nitrogen, particulate matter (PM10 and PM2,5), lead, benzene and carbon monoxide in ambient air within a zone or agglomeration A.   Upper and lower assessment thresholds The following upper and lower assessment thresholds will apply: 1.   Sulphur dioxide Health protection Vegetation protection Upper assessment …

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The HyperFlux™ PRO Plus analyzer provides high-quality measurements in real time

The team at Tornado Spectral Systems recently ran a simple experiment to show how their HyperFlux™ PRO Plus analyzer provides high-quality chemical concentration measurements in real time. They added small quantities of propylene glycol (PG) to pure water while collecting spectral data every 2 seconds. Traditional spectrometers would have to run about 10x to 30x …

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Real Time average particulate matter concentrations in Belgium

Current 24-hour average particulate matter concentrations of less than 10 micrometres (μm) in Belgium The smaller the particulate matter, the deeper it can get through the airways in the human body. The smallest particles can penetrate into the blood. PM10 can disrupt the mucous membrane in the airways, cause respiratory complaints and increase sensitivity to …

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Particulate matter is fatal for the elderly after one day

Fine dust now appears to be deadly in the very short term, American researchers discovered. Many people over 65 die one day after being exposed to particulate matter. Researchers at Harvard University put the death date of 22 million American over-65s (in the period 2000-2012) in addition to the particulate matter data in that period. …

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CO2 emissions are almost equally high in the third quarter of 2017

CO2 emissions in the Netherlands were 0.2 percent higher in the third quarter than in the same quarter a year earlier. According to the first calculation, gross domestic product (GDP) grew by 3.0 percent in the same period. CO2 emissions as a result of gas consumption for heating by households and services increased. On the …

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Rugged and portable density monitoring for quality beer production

Quick, accurate, repeatable density measurement; in the brewhouse or in the lab Challenge Extract Concentration in Wort – The key indicator in beer production Density can be used to measure the dissolved solids Plato (P°) in the wort extract at the wort kettle. Traditionally this measurement was made using a glass hydrometer. The extract content …

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BRIX Measurement that is Rugged and Reliable for Wine Quality Monitoring

Sugar, the key to wine production Density can be used to measure the sugar concentration (Brix) in grape juice or other fruit juice (must) prior to crush and throughout the fermentation process. Before grape or fruit harvest, the accuracy of sugar measurement in the juice is important in determining the timing of the harvest for …

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Typical appplications for NIR Spectroscopy

Chemical APHA Color Caustic & Carbonate Caustic in Water Ethylene-Diethylene Glycol LNG Color (liquefied natural gas) NIR Gas Measurement NIR Water Measurements in Liquid Samples Polyols Polyurethanes Safe Operation of EDC Reactor Styrene in Ethylbenzene Triazines Ultra Low Level Organics in Water Water Analysis in an Alcohol-Brine Solution Water in Acetic Acid Water in Acetic …

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